PERIODIZATION EXAMPLES OF THE HISTORY OF KAZAKH AND TURKMEN LITERATURE

Özet

The issue of periodization of the history of the Turkic peoples’ literature has been widely studied in recent years. The given linguistic issue has been a subject for a number of studies in various countries all over the world. In this context, it is important to analyze and understand the ancient background of the Turkic-speaking peoples' oral literature, its history, the tendencies and trends of its development. The current work deals with the implementation of this task. For this purpose it is necessary to differentiate the spiritual values of a certain country within the history of the common literature of the Turkic peoples. In addition, it is crucial to take into account the peculiarities of the national literature development. This position is the most important in the periodization of history of the Kazakh and Turkmen literature, which plays a significant role in the Turkic world. There are a lot of common features in the history of Kazakh and Turkmen literature and this phenomenon can be explained by common roots, similar languages of the Turkic peoples. In this regard, the study describes literary monuments, which originated from the ancient times, spread both in the two countries and became the heritage of the Kazakh and Turkmen people. The bond between long literary processes and literary traditions that lasted for centuries is mentioned as well. The best examples and peculiarities of the oral and written literature of the Turkic peoples seeking their origin in the history of development are given. These information about significant periods in the history of literature, researchers dealing with periodization, their own principles and methods is offered. Issues related to the parallel development of spiritual values, culture and art of the country with the history of the same nation were considered as well. The article under consideration deals with the periodization of the history of Kazakh and Turkmen literature. The comprehensive analysis of literature development of the two countries is carried out. The common features in the history of development of Turkic peoples are taken into account during research. Specific features of Kazakh and Turkmen literature and national samples are mentioned. The author reminds us about the need of taking into account the historical, genetic and typological factors, including the traditional methodology in periodization the history of literature. He calls attention to the issues of gnosiological and regional importance in the study of literary processes’ development. The sufficient information on the common figures and popular works of fiction of Kazakh and Turkmen literature was provided as well.