THE IMPACT OF DADA AND SURREALISM ON MOTION GRAPHIC DESIGN PRODUCTIONS

Abstract

Handicrafts lost their importance to a great extent due to the industrialization that emerged and developed in the period starting from the late 19th century until the First World War and the mass production that followed. In this period, when products spread throughout the society and lacked aesthetics, some artists considered the liberation from productions away from this aesthetic as a return to medieval art, while a number of innovative artists sought ways to combine aesthetics with mass production. With the technological developments, the cheap printing materials allowed the age of mass communication to start, and the design process initiated by this innovative trend had the chance to reach a wide audience. Graphic design, which had the chance to develop in this environment, has become one of the main elements of mass communication. Innovative movements such as Cubism, Futurism, Dada, Surrealism, De Stijl, Suprematism, and Constructivism, which emerged in the early 20th century, have created important changes in graphic design. Innovations such as new visual understanding and collage technique that Cubism advocates, the efforts of bringing poetry and painting together with the use of Futurism's free and aggressive typography, and the fact that Dada created new visual communication methods with its structure that denies almost everything. has provided a new language. The cinema, which can be seen as the place of use of the animated graphic as of the period, was also significantly affected by these innovative trends. Graphic designs, which we see used in promotional articles in the cinema screen in the first periods, have become the main material of many films especially with the efforts of expressionist and dadacı artists. Although experimental cinema has lost its weight over time, motion graphics designs have become more and more used in cinema and then on television. In this study, the effects and usage patterns of Surrealist movements, which are accepted as Dada and its followers, which emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, especially from the first examples of motion graphic design products, will be examined with examples.